Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) Installation On Oracle Linux 6 (2024)

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This article describes the installation of Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) (64-bit) on Oracle Linux 6 (64-bit). The article is based on a server installation with a minimum of 2G swap, with SELinux set to permissive and the firewall disabled. The following package groups were included for this installation.

Base System > Base
Base System > Client management tools
Base System > Compatibility libraries
Base System > Hardware monitoring utilities
Base System > Large Systems Performance
Base System > Network file system client
Base System > Performance Tools
Base System > Perl Support
Servers > Server Platform
Servers > System administration tools
Desktops > Desktop
Desktops > Desktop Platform
Desktops > Fonts
Desktops > General Purpose Desktop
Desktops > Graphical Administration Tools
Desktops > Input Methods
Desktops > X Window System
Development > Additional Development
Development > Development Tools
Applications > Internet Browser

An example of this type of Linux installations can be seen here. Alternative installations may require more packages to be loaded, in addition to the ones listed below.

Download Software
Unpack Files
Hosts File
Oracle Installation Prerequisites
- Automatic Setup
- Manual Setup
- Additional Setup
Installation
Post Installation
Common Errors

Download Software

Download the Oracle software from OTN or MOS depending on your support status.

Unpack Files

Unzip the files.

# 11.2.0.1unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zipunzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip#11.2.0.2unzip p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zipunzip p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip#11.2.0.3unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zipunzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip#11.2.0.4unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zipunzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

You should now have a single directory called "database" containing installation files.

Hosts File

The "/etc/hosts" file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.

<IP-address> <fully-qualified-machine-name> <machine-name>

For example.

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost192.168.0.181 ol6-112.localdomain ol6-112

Oracle Installation Prerequisites

Perform either the Automatic Setup or the Manual Setup to complete the basic prerequisites. The Additional Setup is required for all installations.

Automatic Setup

If you plan to use the "oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall" package to perform all your prerequisite setup, follow the instructions at http://public-yum.oracle.com to setup the yum repository for OL, then perform the following command.

# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

All necessary prerequisites will be performed automatically.

It is probably worth doing a full update as well, but this is not strictly speaking necessary.

# yum update

Manual Setup

If you have not used the "oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall" package to perform all prerequisites, you will need to manually perform the following setup tasks.

Oracle recommend the following minimum parameter settings.

fs.suid_dumpable = 1fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

The current values can be tested using the following command.

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep <param-name>

Add or amend the following lines in the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file.

fs.suid_dumpable = 1fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmnikernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default=262144net.core.rmem_max=4194304net.core.wmem_default=262144net.core.wmem_max=1048586

Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters.

/sbin/sysctl -p

Add the following lines to the "/etc/security/limits.conf" file.

oracle soft nproc 16384oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 4096oracle hard nofile 65536oracle soft stack 10240

Install the following packages if they are not already present.

# From Oracle Linux 6 DVDcd /media/cdrom/Server/Packagesrpm -Uvh binutils-2*x86_64*rpm -Uvh glibc-2*x86_64* nss-softokn-freebl-3*x86_64*rpm -Uvh glibc-2*i686* nss-softokn-freebl-3*i686*rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*x86_64*rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2*x86_64*rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*x86_64*rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*i686*rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2*x86_64*rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-0*x86_64*rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel-0*x86_64*rpm -Uvh gcc-4*x86_64*rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4*x86_64*rpm -Uvh ksh-*x86_64*rpm -Uvh libaio-0*x86_64*rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*x86_64*rpm -Uvh libaio-0*i686*rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*i686*rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*x86_64*rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*i686*rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*x86_64*rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*i686*rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4*x86_64*rpm -Uvh make-3.81*x86_64*rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-2*x86_64*rpm -Uvh sysstat-9*x86_64*rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*i686*rpm -Uvh compat-libcap*cd /eject

This will install all the necessary 32-bit packages for 11.2.0.1. From 11.2.0.2 onwards many of these are unnecessary, but having them present does not cause a problem.

Create the new groups and users.

Additional Setup

Set the password for the "oracle" user.

passwd oracle

Amend the "/etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf" file as described below. See MOS Note [ID 1487773.1]

# Change this* soft nproc 1024# To this* - nproc 16384

Set secure Linux to permissive by editing the "/etc/selinux/config" file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.

SELINUX=permissive

Once the change is complete, restart the server.

If you have the Linux firewall enabled, you will need to disable or configure it, as shown here or here.

Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01chmod -R 775 /u01

xhost +<machine-name>

# Oracle SettingsTMP=/tmp; export TMPTMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIRORACLE_HOSTNAME=ol6-112.localdomain; export ORACLE_HOSTNAMEORACLE_UNQNAME=DB11G; export ORACLE_UNQNAMEORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOMEORACLE_SID=DB11G; export ORACLE_SIDPATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATHPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATHLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATHCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

Installation

Log into the oracle user. If you are using X emulation then set the DISPLAY environmental variable.

DISPLAY=<machine-name>:0.0; export DISPLAY

Start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) by issuing the following command in the database directory.

./runInstaller

Proceed with the installation of your choice. The prerequisites checks will fail for the following version-dependent reasons:

11.2.0.1: The installer shows multiple "missing package" failures because it does not recognize several of the newer version packages that were installed. These "missing package" failures can be ignored as the packages are present. The failure for the "pdksh" package can be ignored because we installed the "ksh" package in its place.
11.2.0.2: The installer should only show a single "missing package" failure for the "pdksh" package. It can be ignored because we installed the "ksh" package in its place.
11.2.0.3: The installer shows no failures and continues normally.

You can see the type of installation I performed by clicking on the links below to see screen shots of each stage.

If you are doing an installation for an Enterprise Manager repository, remember to do an advanced installation and pick the ALT32UTF8 character set.

Configure Security Updates
Select Install Option
System Class
Node Selection
Select Install Type
Typical Install Configuration
Create Inventory
Perform Prerequisite Checks
Summary
Install Product
Database Configuration Assistant
Database Configuration Assistant 2
Execute Configuration Scripts
Finish

Post Installation

Edit the "/etc/oratab" file setting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.

DB11G:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

Common Errors

"error code 35" : The machine name in the "/etc/hosts" file is not correct. It needs an entry for the loopback adapter (localhost) and the machine name. If you are using DNS for name resolution, you still need the loopback adapter reference in this file.
"error code 37" : The DNS not working properly. You may also get this error is the "/etc/hosts" file is not configured correctly.
"sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: libclntsh.so.11.1" : The prerequisites have not been met. Work through them again. Specifically, make sure the "gcc" package has been installed.
Listener fails to start - Typically this is due to incorrect name resolution. Make sure the "/etc/hosts" and/or DNS is configured correctly.
Linking errors - Almost always due to missing prerequisites. Review the setup sections.

For more information see:

Oracle Database Installation Guide11g Release 2 (11.2) for Linux
Automating Database Startup and Shutdown on Linux
Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) Silent Installations

Hope this helps. Regards Tim...

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